So the H plus for the proton moves through the F zero sub unit. So let's talk about each step of the proton pumping and the A. And like I said before proton pumping and 80 P synthesis are coupled events. So the hydrogen is actually going to flow through and this is going to rotate through this gamma sub unit and create a T. So this is gonna remember me the stationary head which um and then we have our rotational sub unit. So we have our inner mitochondrial membrane um we have our F. So 80 P synthesis though is mostly used to create a teepee. But if the cell needs this super big proton gradient for something it can run in reverse. For some reason I wouldn't necessarily say this happens a lot. Now the important part about this protein, it actually can run in reverse, meaning that it can use energy from a TP to pump protons if it needs to. The two processes are coupled through these two different parts of A. one which is going to actually not be stationary, it can rotate its gamma sub unit and that moves protons across the membrane. P synthesis and its sound on the side of solid side of the membrane. So the F0 part is going to be the stationary head. And so it uses this energy from the electrochemical proton gradient, which is what I've been beating over the Bush a lot of different times. And that's called the F one F 0 80 P synthesis. So, um the one that we're going to focus on now is the one important in cell respiration, which is what we've been talking about in this chapter. And it's going to be a trans membrane protein that drives A T. So the protein that's responsible for creating a teepee or creating A T. There's a lot of fancy terms just meaning that this proton gradient is created and that is used to drive the synthesis. So that's what I'm talking about when I'm talking about this electrochemical proton gradient and then kimmy is not a coupling. So there's some type of coupling here which couples this gradient with the production of a TB. So that's an electrochemical proton gradient and then that's coupled. But what you can see is that the electron transport chain results in this huge amount of hydrogen protons across the membrane. ![]() So you don't need to see really understand any of what's going on here. And then this gradient undergoes kimmy osmotic coupling, meaning that the hydrogen pumping due to the electron transport chain um drives this other chemical process known as a T. So like I said, this is driven by the electron transport chain, which means that it's going to be a cross which mitochondrial membrane, right? The inner mitochondrial membrane. ![]() Um So that is how that ends up being an electrical member electrochemical gradient. Which of course if there's a lot of protons that's gonna be a lot of positive charge across the membrane. And it also creates a charge gradient which you might see a voltage gradient. So how this electrochemical proton gradient is created is created by the electron transport chain which creates this high concentration of hydrogen protons across the membrane. So the first thing is that an electrochemical proton gradient, which remember electrochemical what that means, Right? So that's gonna be an electrical gradient and a chemical gradient. P synthesis and how that happens driven from proton gradients. Um I just wanted to make sure that everything was all together so that it made sense. So first I just want to say that this might be a little bit of a long video. In this video, we're gonna be talking about 80 p synthesis driven from proton gradients.
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